Deaths in Custody
Mississippi

At least 2,051 people have died in custody in Mississippi

611 of them are named here. The rest appear only in the state’s official counts, without names.

At least 29 people have died in custody in Mississippi so far in 2026. The most recent named here is Odarius Shaw, who died on October 13, 2026 at Wilkinson County Correctional Facility.

Each dot is one of them, held in a jail, prison or lockup, or executed by the state. Some died after abuse by officers; others from withdrawal, overdose or untreated illness; many by suicide. Almost all of them show the state’s neglect of the people in its custody.

This is an undercount: many deaths are never made public, and older records are hard to find.

Records go back as far as 1843 and are current as of October 16, 2026

Their stories

Choose a dot on the map, or a kind of place below, to read about the people who died there.

Their names

When they died

One mark per person, by the year they died. Choose the box at the side to see every decade. Coverage is uneven: recent deaths come mostly from local news since 2000, older ones from official lists and historical newspapers, so the shape shows what was recorded as much as how many people died.

What these deaths have cost taxpayers

These deaths have cost taxpayers in Mississippi at least $2.8 million: the amount governments have agreed or been ordered to pay the families and estates of at least 1 person named here, in settlements and court awards reported in the news. Families sued over at least 17 of these deaths. Many suits end with no amount made public, and many settlements are kept confidential, so the true cost is higher.

PersonPaid byYearAmount
William Joel DixonGeorge County$2.8 million

What official counts show

The Mississippi Department of Corrections reports how many people die in its prisons each year, but not who they were. Most of those deaths, especially from illness, never appear in the news, so far fewer are named here. The gap is people still to be identified.

The department counts deaths only as one kind of exit from custody in its annual reports, by fiscal year, with no names, places or causes.1 Its 2015 report has no count of deaths at all.23

YearDeaths in state custody, as reported by MDOCNamed here
2025878
20246811
2023917
2022992
20219212
20209037
2019739
20188526
20177311
2016525
2014621
2013713
2012751
2011610
2010610
2009460
2008810
2007832

Source: The Mississippi Department of Corrections annual reports, by fiscal year (July to June). Official counts are deaths in state prisons only; county jails report to no central agency.

Where these records come from

Each bar is a source and the years its records cover. Sources checked on a schedule are searched again for new records; the others were collected once.

  1. Historical newspapers1823–1963 · Searched once · Library of Congress digitized newspapers, searched for people taken from jails and officers and killed
    1823 to 1963
  2. Mississippi Department of Corrections, Executions in Mississippi1955–today · Checked every month · Records for this state: 1955–2025
    1955 to today
  3. Local news2000–today · Searched again every night · News coverage searched county by county and year by year
    2000 to today
  4. Official yearly counts (BJS)2001–2019 · Checked every month · Totals only; the agency does not publish names
    2001 to 2019
  5. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Detainee Death Reporting and List of Deaths in ICE Custody2003–today · Checked every week · Records for this state: 2020–2021
    2003 to today
  6. Official yearly counts (MDOC)2007–2025 · Checked every month · Totals only; the agency does not publish names
    2007 to 2025

How deaths in custody are reported in Mississippi

The Mississippi Department of Corrections (MDOC) runs the state prisons. It publishes no list or report of the people who die in them. Its annual report, which covers the state fiscal year from July to June, counts deaths only as one "exit type" among people leaving custody, with no names, places or causes.1 Its newsroom puts out a release about a death only now and then. In August 2018 one death was announced on the department's website but never sent to reporters, and Mississippi Today had to file a public records request to get a list of that year's deaths.23

Under state law, the death of anyone confined in a prison, jail or correctional institution is a death "affecting the public interest" that the county medical examiner must investigate. County coroners are elected and work alongside a State Medical Examiner.4 The state crime lab does the autopsies in custody deaths, and in 2018 a backlog there of several years left families waiting for answers.2 Inside the prisons, MDOC's own Corrections Investigation Division investigates deaths, sometimes together with the Mississippi Bureau of Investigation (MBI).5 In 2022 the U.S. Department of Justice found that the division's reports at Parchman mostly just compiled statements and rarely looked into what had happened.6

County sheriffs run Mississippi's jails. No state law requires a jail to track or report deaths, the state does not license or inspect local jails, and the MBI examines only some jail deaths.7 No statewide list of jail deaths is published. The Southern Poverty Law Center had to send public records requests to every sheriff for its 2026 database, and it reported that 28 of the state's 82 counties refused to provide data.8

For the federal Death in Custody Reporting Act, the Division of Public Safety Planning in the Department of Public Safety collects the data. MDOC sends it a spreadsheet of prison deaths every quarter. But the division's own plan says local and county law enforcement agencies are "not actively participating" and that no state law requires them to report.9 In 2023 filings with federal authorities, Mississippi admitted that local jail deaths were largely missing from its reports. Over five years of national records, it was one of four states with locally run jails to report fewer than 10 jail deaths.7

Immigration detention in Mississippi includes the Adams County Correctional Center in Natchez, which CoreCivic runs under contract with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. ICE announces a death in a news release and later posts a detainee death report. When a man died there in December 2025, the first release spoke only of a medical emergency, and the report two months later said he had tried to hang himself.10 By the Death Penalty Information Center's count, Mississippi has executed at least 25 people since 1976 and at least 351 before then.11

What has changed

  1. 1867Mississippi signed its first convict lease, starting about thirty years of renting out people in its custody to private companies. The state penitentiary, known as the Walls, held only those too sick or disabled to be leased out.12
  2. 1900After years of public outcry over the cruelty of leasing, the state bought the first 14,000 acres in Sunflower County that became Parchman Farm.12
  3. 1959Masked men took Mack Charles Parker from the Pearl River County jail in Poplarville, using keys from the deputy who served as jailer, and killed him. State and federal grand juries indicted no one, and the Justice Department closed its last review of the case in 2023.13
  4. 2018More people died in MDOC custody in August than in any month of the previous six years. The commissioner first said the number was "not out of line" with earlier months, then asked the FBI and the Department of Public Safety to help investigate.314
  5. 2020A riot at Parchman began on December 31, 2019. In January 2020 alone, five people there were killed and three died by suicide. In February the Justice Department opened a civil rights investigation of Parchman and three other state prisons.6
  6. 2022The Justice Department found that conditions at Parchman violated the Constitution. It cited 10 homicides since 2019 and 12 suicides in three years, and found investigations so thin that one homicide report did not say when or where the man died.6
  7. 2022A federal judge put Hinds County's Raymond Detention Center under a receiver after twice finding the county in contempt of its 2016 consent decree with the Justice Department. Court documents counted more than five deaths there in 2021.15 After appeals, the receiver took operational control on October 1, 2025.16
  8. 2024The Justice Department found unconstitutional conditions at three more prisons: Central Mississippi, South Mississippi and Wilkinson County. Officers skipped or faked head counts. At South Mississippi, medical staff found a man cold, with rigor mortis set in, though an officer said he had counted him twice during the shift.17
  9. 2025Mississippi Today, The Marshall Project - Jackson, the Clarion Ledger, the Hattiesburg American and The Mississippi Link counted at least 42 homicides in Mississippi prisons over ten years. Only six had led to a conviction, and three were missing from federal and state reports.18 Weeks later the corrections commissioner said MDOC would review unprosecuted homicides and deaths ruled undetermined.19
  10. 2025The Marshall Project - Jackson counted at least 46 deaths in county jails since 2020. None of them appear in any official statistics.7
  11. 2026A bill to have an oversight task force review unexpected deaths of state prisoners and publish a report died on the Senate calendar without a vote. Its sponsor, the House Corrections Committee chair, had said MDOC was in effect reviewing itself.20
  12. 2026The Southern Poverty Law Center published a database of deaths in Mississippi jails and prisons from 2019 to 2025. Before that, it had to win a court judgment to get the Hinds County Sheriff's Office to answer its records request.2122

How far the official numbers can be trusted

MDOC's only published yearly figure is the number of people whose release from custody was a death. The 2015 annual report has no deaths line at all, because deaths were folded into "other."23 Later reports list 68 deaths for fiscal 2024 and 87 for fiscal 2025, with no names or causes.2425 The death lists MDOC releases on request have also lost detail: the records it gave Mississippi Today in 2018 named no specific causes, although its records for 2012 to 2017 had.3

How a death is classified can also be wrong or slow to change. Reporters found three prison homicides missing from federal and state reports.18 Since 2015, the state medical examiner has ruled another 21 prison deaths "undetermined."19 When Melvin Cancer died at Central Mississippi Correctional Facility in 2025, officials told his family he had a heart attack. In February 2026 reporters learned that he had died of blunt force trauma, and a state report to the Justice Department described an altercation with officers.26

The jail numbers are weaker still. The state has admitted that its federal reports leave out most local jail deaths.7 Its own reporting plan says many agencies call the deaths its staff find through their own research inaccurate and refuse to verify them.9 The Southern Poverty Law Center found county records that left out deaths reported by the news media, the Department of Public Safety or the Justice Department.8 It also found that the Hinds County sheriff's records did not match the state's.22

Notes

  1. Mississippi Department of Corrections, "Annual Reports" (fiscal years 2007-2025). ↩
  2. Michelle Liu, Mississippi Today, "A 14th Mississippi inmate death announced this month — quietly on prison agency's website," August 30, 2018. ↩
  3. Michelle Liu, Mississippi Today, "Mississippi prison deaths up 10 percent, records show," September 12, 2018. ↩
  4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Mississippi Coroner/Medical Examiner Laws" (summarizing Miss. Code Ann. §§ 41-61-55, 41-61-57, 41-61-59 and 19-21-103). ↩
  5. Mississippi Department of Corrections, "Inmate Killed at Parchman," news release, September 7, 2023. ↩
  6. U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, "Investigation of the Mississippi State Penitentiary (Parchman)," April 20, 2022. ↩
  7. Caleb Bedillion, The Marshall Project - Jackson, published with Mississippi Free Press, "Why No One Knows How Many People Die in Mississippi's Jails," November 17, 2025. ↩
  8. Southern Poverty Law Center, "Cause Unknown: Tracking Deaths in Mississippi's Prison System," September 2, 2026. ↩
  9. Mississippi Division of Public Safety Planning, "Death in Custody Reporting Act Data Collection Plan for Mississippi" (Bureau of Justice Assistance). ↩
  10. Mukta Joshi, Mississippi Today, "A man died in a Mississippi ICE facility. Do we know everything we need to know?" April 10, 2026 (republished by DeSoto County News). ↩
  11. Death Penalty Information Center, "Mississippi." ↩
  12. Mississippi Department of Archives and History, "Penitentiary Accounting and Administrative Records, 1836-1910" (Series 2678), administrative history. ↩
  13. U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, "Notice to Close File," Mack Charles Parker, August 30, 2023. ↩
  14. Mississippi Department of Corrections, "MDOC requests assistance from other agencies on inmate deaths," news release, August 31, 2018. ↩
  15. Kayode Crown, Mississippi Free Press, "Federal Judge Orders Receivership for Dangerous Hinds Jail, Considered Detaining County Officials," July 29, 2022. ↩
  16. Anthony Warren, WLBT, "Receiver slated to take over Raymond Detention Center October 1," September 15, 2025. ↩
  17. U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, "Investigation of Central Mississippi Correctional Facility, South Mississippi Correctional Institution, and Wilkinson County Correctional Facility," February 28, 2024. ↩
  18. Daja E. Henry and Mina Corpuz, The Marshall Project and Mississippi Today, "'Catastrophic Failures': Why Dozens of Killings In Mississippi Prisons Go Unanswered," September 11, 2025. ↩
  19. Jerry Mitchell and others, Mississippi Today, "Mississippi prison chief reopens homicide cases following news investigation," October 14, 2025. ↩
  20. Mississippi Today, "Prison deaths oversight bill falls victim to deadline day in Legislature," March 12, 2026 (republished by OurTupelo). ↩
  21. Southern Poverty Law Center, "SPLC Wins Judgment Against Hinds County Sheriff's Office Over Failure To Release Records About In-Custody Deaths," July 3, 2026. ↩
  22. Southern Poverty Law Center, "SPLC Unveils Database Examining In-Custody Deaths in Mississippi Jails," September 2, 2026. ↩
  23. Mississippi Department of Corrections, "2015 Annual Report," Releases: Exit Type, p. 108. ↩
  24. Mississippi Department of Corrections, "2024 Annual Report," Releases: Exit Type, p. 92. ↩
  25. Mississippi Department of Corrections, "2025 Annual Report," Statistics: Releases, Exit Type, p. 99. ↩
  26. Mississippi Today with The Marshall Project, "Beating by guards, not a heart attack, killed man in Mississippi prison, report shows," February 24, 2026 (republished by OurTupelo). ↩

The 611 Mississippi records here draw on 440 news reports from 115 outlets, mostly local newspapers and TV stations. Each person’s reports are listed with their story, so every detail can be traced to where it was published.

How these records were made · See these records in a table

Last updated October 16, 2026.